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Difficulty: Medium
Category: Linear Algebra & Machine Learning
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Topics: vanishing-gradient, deep-learning, neural-networks, sigmoid, backpropagation
You are training a very deep neural network (100+ layers) for a complex financial time-series forecasting task. You observe that the early layers of your network learn very slowly compared to the later layers. The activation function used in each layer is a sigmoid function. Explain why this phenomenon, known as the vanishing gradient problem, occurs in the early layers.
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